Dos Attack|Types Of Dos
DOS Attacks or Denial
Of Services is a very
favorite hacking
technique by hackers.
This is relatively easy
to do and have been
testing grounds for
budding hackers. In fact,
hackersuse this
technique to gain wide
recognition because of
the fame and respect
that a successful DOS
Attack brings to the
hacker in the
underground groups.
DOS attack is done by
sending too much data
packets which cannot be
handled by the target
network server. There
are many avenues of
exploits and these are
vulnerabilities in the
TCP/IP protocols suite,
vulnerabilities in the
Ipv4 implementation
and the use of the
resources of the target
system and make the
services unable to
respond.
There are many
vulnerabilities in TCP/IP
itself and some of them
are enumerated here as
they are called Ping of
Death, Teardrop, SYN
attacks and Land
Attacks.
Ping of Death
This was one of the
earliest tool of denial of
service during the time
when systems where
less complex than they
are today. There are
now fully upgraded
systems that are
invulnerable to Ping of
Death attacks. Ping of
Death works by causing
the system to hang or
reboot and thereby
unusable by legitimate
users.
In this attack, the target
system is pinged with a
data packet that
exceeds the maximum
bytes allowed by TCP/
IP. When the target
computer is pinged, the
system has no recourse
but to hang, reboot or
crash.
Teardrop
The Teardrop is an
attack that exploits the
vulnerability in the
reassembling of data
packets.
When data is sent over
the Internet, it is first
broken down into
smaller fragments at
the source system and
then put together at the
destination system.
With a teardrop attack,
the hacker will confuse
the target making it
unable to put together
the correct sequence of
data packets.
When these packets are
divided up they have an
OFFSET field in their
TCP header part which
will determine which
date packet that each
fragment is carrying.
Bydisrupting the series
of data packets by
overlapping their Offset
field values, the target
system becomes unable
to piece them together
and forced to crash,
hang or reboot.
SYN Attack
The SYN attack is a
disruption in the TCP/
IP's three-way
connection by using bad
IP address to so that the
SYNACK will never
come and the target
server waits and waits.
When a connection is
negotiated by a
computer to the
Internet, there is a
three way connection
that must be
established.
When too many of these
disruptions are sent, the
targetwill no longer
have the resources to
entertain legitimate
connection request.
In a SYN attack, the
attacker send SYN
packets server with a
SYN packets from a bad
source IP Address.
When the target system
receives these SYN
Packets with Bad IP
Addresses, it tries to
respond to each one of
them with a SYN ACK
packet. Now the target
system waits for an ACK
message to come from
the bad IP address.
Land Attacks
This is no longer famous
sincethis can be easily
addressed. A Land
attack is like the SYN
attack but this time the
attacker uses the
target’s own IP address
to create an infinite
loop where the target
waits for itself to send
acknowledgement which
will never come because
itis the target system
itself waiting to
communicate with itself.
Smurf Attacks
A Smurf attack is a DOS
Attack done by making
huge number of Ping
Requests with spoofed
IP Addresses from
within the target
network creating a
traffic that is too much
for target system to
handle. The result then
is that the target
network is unable to
respond to legitimate
users.
Distributed DOS Attacks
This is a new and
improved DOS attack
which is far greater
threat that even
threatens the virus as
the most feared DOS
Attack in the Internet.
ThisDistributed DOS
attack will allow
attackers to escape
because it will be
difficult to trace them
because they are a
group that acts in
concert with each other.
This kind of attack is
somehow a little
difficult since each will
have to find lesser
weakness on the target
network and work their
way up together.
Of Services is a very
favorite hacking
technique by hackers.
This is relatively easy
to do and have been
testing grounds for
budding hackers. In fact,
hackersuse this
technique to gain wide
recognition because of
the fame and respect
that a successful DOS
Attack brings to the
hacker in the
underground groups.
DOS attack is done by
sending too much data
packets which cannot be
handled by the target
network server. There
are many avenues of
exploits and these are
vulnerabilities in the
TCP/IP protocols suite,
vulnerabilities in the
Ipv4 implementation
and the use of the
resources of the target
system and make the
services unable to
respond.
There are many
vulnerabilities in TCP/IP
itself and some of them
are enumerated here as
they are called Ping of
Death, Teardrop, SYN
attacks and Land
Attacks.
Ping of Death
This was one of the
earliest tool of denial of
service during the time
when systems where
less complex than they
are today. There are
now fully upgraded
systems that are
invulnerable to Ping of
Death attacks. Ping of
Death works by causing
the system to hang or
reboot and thereby
unusable by legitimate
users.
In this attack, the target
system is pinged with a
data packet that
exceeds the maximum
bytes allowed by TCP/
IP. When the target
computer is pinged, the
system has no recourse
but to hang, reboot or
crash.
Teardrop
The Teardrop is an
attack that exploits the
vulnerability in the
reassembling of data
packets.
When data is sent over
the Internet, it is first
broken down into
smaller fragments at
the source system and
then put together at the
destination system.
With a teardrop attack,
the hacker will confuse
the target making it
unable to put together
the correct sequence of
data packets.
When these packets are
divided up they have an
OFFSET field in their
TCP header part which
will determine which
date packet that each
fragment is carrying.
Bydisrupting the series
of data packets by
overlapping their Offset
field values, the target
system becomes unable
to piece them together
and forced to crash,
hang or reboot.
SYN Attack
The SYN attack is a
disruption in the TCP/
IP's three-way
connection by using bad
IP address to so that the
SYNACK will never
come and the target
server waits and waits.
When a connection is
negotiated by a
computer to the
Internet, there is a
three way connection
that must be
established.
When too many of these
disruptions are sent, the
targetwill no longer
have the resources to
entertain legitimate
connection request.
In a SYN attack, the
attacker send SYN
packets server with a
SYN packets from a bad
source IP Address.
When the target system
receives these SYN
Packets with Bad IP
Addresses, it tries to
respond to each one of
them with a SYN ACK
packet. Now the target
system waits for an ACK
message to come from
the bad IP address.
Land Attacks
This is no longer famous
sincethis can be easily
addressed. A Land
attack is like the SYN
attack but this time the
attacker uses the
target’s own IP address
to create an infinite
loop where the target
waits for itself to send
acknowledgement which
will never come because
itis the target system
itself waiting to
communicate with itself.
Smurf Attacks
A Smurf attack is a DOS
Attack done by making
huge number of Ping
Requests with spoofed
IP Addresses from
within the target
network creating a
traffic that is too much
for target system to
handle. The result then
is that the target
network is unable to
respond to legitimate
users.
Distributed DOS Attacks
This is a new and
improved DOS attack
which is far greater
threat that even
threatens the virus as
the most feared DOS
Attack in the Internet.
ThisDistributed DOS
attack will allow
attackers to escape
because it will be
difficult to trace them
because they are a
group that acts in
concert with each other.
This kind of attack is
somehow a little
difficult since each will
have to find lesser
weakness on the target
network and work their
way up together.
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